True airspeed

The true flight speed (Engl. true air speed, TAS), also adjusted equity speed, the actual speed of an aircraft relative to the surrounding medium. To calculate the true air speed is in the modern aviation in addition to flight speed equivalent density in the altitude. The true airspeed decreases in air density absinkender to the Berichtigten flight speed. For pilots of small aircraft first approximation appears in the following rule of thumb sufficiently precise

For example, at an altitude of 5000 ft at an IAS of 100 kt with 5 * 2%, ergo 10% higher speed, TAS to 110 kt. In high altitude, the 'TAS' preferably in Mach, relative to the speed of sound,. If exceeded Mach 1, is the supersonic aircraft in flight.

Equivalents flight speed

The flight speed equivalents corrected the display of the revised flight speed, taking into account the compressibility of air in the altitude.

Corrected flight speed

With the right equipment, the aircraft to the instrument error corrected flight speed (Engl. calibrated air speed, CAS) can be measured. This measurement takes into account instruments and installation error (Engl. static source error). The CAS is an important factor in the aerodynamics, as it is a measure of the aircraft forces.

Ailerons

The ailerons are located at the back edges of the wings. The pilot moving the control stick to the left (or expresses the linkte arrow button), the left aileron up and out, the right to the bottom. This is on the left wing reduced buoyancy, while the right lift higher. The plane rolls, according to the left (it can also hang the left wing, while the right shows in the amount). In flight, the plane started in this position, a left turn to fly. However, it creates the Rude beat out a so-called negative turning moment, because the wing, the downward's proposal, reduced air resistance generated than the other. For this reason, the plane turns in the opposite direction. To create a stable and widerstandsarmen curve to achieve flight, it must be negative by simultaneous rash moment of the page Ruders in the same direction as the ailerons are lifted. Conclusion: A beautiful, if possible widerstandsarme curve can only be achieved through the interaction of cross-and rudder can be achieved. (Often, the engine pulls the plane but so quickly in the right direction, so that the rudder, that unfortunately is difficult to operate in the first flight may be waived.) With the command line option - enable-auto-coordination is the rudder with the aileron connect what the control significantly easier. This allows the positive effects in both rowing very easily exploited.

rudder

The rudder is located on the tail of the airplane, but in general upward and allows turning the plane around the vertical axis, a movement of the nose to the left or right (driving on the ground). The rudder is controlled by pedals, keyboard with the keys 0 and Enter number block. The rudder is rarely used alone, since the air turns a roll of the airplane (a tilt of a wing) the stable and cheaper energy alternative. Only in extreme ground, e.g. Ausschweben in just before placing in the landing, when a roll is not possible, because a wing on the ground up what could be the direction control with the help of the page Ruders. If at higher speeds the rudder ausgelenkt, rotates the aircraft fuselage, flight direction will only be minimal. As a result, the plane ride the wind opposition his side, leading to large air resistance. A curve this first flight is not achieved. However, one of the side Ausschlagen Ruders, that the "kurvenäußere" wings moved a little faster and thus gets more lift, while the "kurveninnere" in the wind shadow of the fuselage, and less lift. As a result, there is a roll of the airplane in the direction of the controlled side Ruders, one speaks of a positive sliding roll-torque (= rudder-secondary).

Elevator

The elevator is located at the end of the aircraft, the aircraft tail. It is like the wings horizontally. A rash (Press on billets / ↑), the impetus behind increases, the nose slopes down. By taking (pulling on the stick / ↓), it is reduced, it slopes upward. Thus, a movement to the cross axis. However, we can not at the top of "fly by the strong nose-up" moves ", because it means that the aircraft increases, it loses energy and slows down. If you too steep to the top flight, the plane sometime too slow. The flow in the wings, which provides for the lift, is waning and the plane "sackt by ', ie it loses some altitude. Durchsacken this happens near the bottom, it can lead to a crash. If the control stick away from pressing flies the aircraft, contrary to the ground and is faster. The elevator is also controlled the speed. The other way is also that an aircraft with full increase, although the elevator has been neutral, so the nose toward the horizon. Turn the engine idling, the plane fall. In this case, even a little press, because otherwise the plane is too slow. A flight at a steady level with a constant speed can be calculated only by an adaptation of flight and drive by elevator and fluent regulation can be achieved. Since it may be that the elevator during a long long horizontal flight in a certain position must be kept, there are the so-called trim the elevator to stop that without the force pilots in this position.

flying basics

The trick is only slight controls. The bigger the rashes, the more difficult it is the plane from the situation in a normal situation.
An airplane is around three axes move freely in the sky. These are the longitudinal, transverse axis and the vertical axis. To select one of these axes to turn, controls (rowing) in various places in the appropriate aircraft. The rudder and their functions will be referred to in more detail.