history

History [editing] main articles: History of Aviation and Chronology of aviation 14-bis, the airplane pioneer Santos Dumont Flight of the brothers Wright.El dream of flying goes back to prehistory. Many legends and myths of antiquity tell stories of flights as if Greek flight of Icarus. Leonardo da Vinci, among others visionary inventors, a plane designed in the fifteenth century. With the first flight made by man (Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Francois Laurent d'Arlanda) into an apparatus lighter than air, a balloon, the biggest challenge became to build a machine heavier than air, capable of boosting flight on its own. Years of research by many people anxious to achieve that feat, generated results weak and slow but continuing. On August 28, 1883, John J. Montgomery was the first person to make a controlled flight with a machine heavier than air, a glider. Other aviators who made similar flights at that time were Otto Lilienthal, Percy Pilcher and Octave Chanute. Sir George Cayley, the inventor of aerodynamics, and had already built prototypes fly fixed-wing aircraft since 1803, and managed to build a successful glider with a capacity to carry passengers in 1853, but because they did not have engines could not be described as plane. The first plane itself was created by Clément Ader, October 9, 1890 manages to take off and fly 50 m. with its Eolas. Then repeats the feat with Airplane II flying 200 meters in 1892 and the Air III in 1897 that flies over a distance of 300 m. The flight of EOL was the first self-propelled flight in the history of mankind, and is regarded as the start date of aviation in Europe, although not in americas. The Brazilian Santos Dumont was the first man to take off on board a plane, powered by an engine aircraft, some countries consider the Wright brothers as the first to perform this feat, because they made the take-off on December 17, 1903, takeoff which lasted 12 seconds and in which toured some 36.5 meters. However, Santos Dumont was the first to meet a predetermined circuit, under the official supervision of specialists in this field, journalists and citizens Parisians. On October 23, 1906, flew about 60 meters at a height of 2 to 3 metres above the ground with his 14-bis in the field of Bagatelle in Paris. Santos Dumont was really the first person to make a flight in an aircraft heavier than air by means of their own, since the Kitty Hawk of the Wright brothers needed to catapult until 1908. Done in Paris, France on November 12, 1906, not only was well witnessed by local and by the press but also by several aviators and authorities. In 1911 appears the first seaplane thank the U.S. Glen H. Curtiss, in 1913 the first four, "Le Grand", designed by Russian Igor Sikorski. After World War I, engineers understood that the performance of the propeller had reached the limit and began to search for a new method of propulsion to reach higher speeds. In 1930, Frank Whittle patented his first turbines and Hans von Ohain does the same in 1935. In Germany, August 27, 1939 off the Heinkel HE-178, which assembled an engine Ohain, making the first flight reaction to the story.